Types Of Bottled Water?
Understanding Bottled Water: Types & Benefits
Bottled water is categorised based on its source and the treatment methods used during the bottling process. Here’s a breakdown of the different types of bottled water and what makes each unique.
1. Spring Water – Naturally Filtered by the Earth
Spring water originates from underground springs or aquifers, undergoing a natural filtration process that can take up to 40 years. As it travels through layers of sand, gravel, granite, and fractured rock, the water absorbs essential minerals such as:
✔ Calcium – Supports bone health
✔ Magnesium – Aids muscle function and relaxation
✔ Phosphorus – Essential for energy production
✔ Sulphates – Helps detoxify the body
Before bottling, spring water is further purified through filtration, UV sterilisation, and ozonisation, ensuring it remains free from organic contaminants while retaining its natural mineral composition. The rate at which an aquifer replenishes depends on the permeability of surrounding rocks, making spring water a valuable and naturally sustainable resource.
2. Mineral Water – Naturally Rich in Essential Minerals
Like spring water, mineral water is collected directly from natural sources. However, it is scientifically defined as water that contains at least 250 parts per million (ppm) of total dissolved solids (TDS). These minerals must occur naturally for the water to be classified as mineral water.
✔ Mineral water can be either still or sparkling, depending on its natural effervescence.
✔ Unlike purified water, mineral water is bottled exactly as it is found, without undergoing additional filtration processes that alter its composition.
3. Purified Water – Highly Processed for Maximum Purity
Purified water is any water that has undergone an advanced filtration process to remove unwanted particles, making it safe for human consumption. The most common purification methods include:
✔ Reverse Osmosis – Forces water through a semi-permeable membrane, removing contaminants and dissolved solids
✔ Distillation – Boils water into steam, separating impurities before condensing it back into liquid
✔ Deionisation – Removes mineral ions through an ion-exchange process
✔ Carbon Filtration, Microfiltration & Ultrafiltration – Physically removes fine particles and contaminants
✔ Ultraviolet Oxidation & Electrodialysis – Eliminates harmful microorganisms
Because purification is so effective, some essential minerals must be reintroduced to maintain proper electrolyte balance. Water that is too pure can lead to diuresis, causing an imbalance in bodily electrolytes.
✔ Purified water is often sourced from tap water, but must undergo one or more of the above processes before it is bottled and sold.
4. Sparkling Water – Naturally Effervescent or Carbonated
Sparkling water, also known as soda water, is infused with dissolved carbon dioxide under pressure to create a refreshing, fizzy texture.
✔ The carbonation process is the same as that used in soft drinks, but without added sugars, colors, or artificial flavors.
✔ Once a bottle is opened, pressure is released, forming visible bubbles as the carbon dioxide escapes.
✔ The size and quantity of bubbles depend on the level of carbonation added during production.
Unlike acidic sodas, sparkling water does not have a corrosive effect on bottles or bottling equipment, making it a safe and refreshing alternative to sugary beverages.
